AMIDE LOCAL ANESTHETICS
Category Archives: Exams EDAIC FRCA
DIPPING IN DOPPLER
CALCULATION OF THE VOLUME OF OXYGEN / NUMBER OF OXYGEN CYLINDERS REQUIRED FOR A PATIENT TRANSFER
For this, we should know:
1. Oxygen delivered = FiO2 x Minute Volume
2. Duration of the transfer
For e.g. If we are expecting a duration of 2 hours (120 minutes) and we are having Size E cylinders and also need to deliver an FiO2 of 1 @ 6L / min
1. O2 delivered = 1 x 6 = 6L/ min
2. Size E has 660 L of O2, which will suffice for 660/6= 110 minutes ; so for 120 minutes, we need 2 cylinders
ERRORS THAT MAY HAPPEN, IF AN ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS SAMPLE REMAINS FOR QUITE SOME TIME IN ROOM AIR, BEFORE ANALYSIS
ERRORS IN ABG SAMPLING: CAUSES & CONSEQUENCES
LARYNGOSCOPE BLADES
FUROSEMIDE , THIAZIDES & NSAIDs : A FEW FACTS
Furosemide is a loop diuretic
It interferes with the concentrating capacity of the loop of Henle.
It is effective in patients with renal dysfunction, whereas the thiazides are NOT.
It potentiates the nephrotoxic effects of cephalosporins and the ototoxic effects of aminoglycosides.
NSAIDs inhibit renal prostaglandin, causing sodium to be retained, which reduces the diuresis caused by furosemide.
Furosemide is a venous and arteriolar dilator and thus reduces both preload and afterload in a time frame just before the period of onset of a significant diuresis.
DEXAMETHASONE AS AN ANTIEMETIC; THINGS TO BE KEPT IN MIND
Dexamethasone is an extremely effective antiemetic for children.
Usually a one-off dose of 4 mg is given.
This single dose has not been shown to produce significant adverse effects such as immunosuppression and poor wound healing.
Has rescue antiemetic properties
Most effective if given early on in the operation.
An awake patient may complain of an uncomfortable sensation of perineal warmth, when dexamethasone is given
CELLULAR METABOLISM : A FEW NUMBERS
IMPORTANT FACTORS THAT AFFECT DRUG METABOLISM IN THE ELDERLY
The Lay Medical Man 